Zero-valent iron-copper bimetallic catalyst supported on graphite from spent lithium-ion battery anodes and mill scale waste for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous phase

• ZVI-Cu/C composites were prepared from spent LIB anode and mill scale. High dispersed ZVI-Cu particles on graphite obtained after carbothermic reaction. Removal of 4-CP by reduction oxidation reactions. Hydroquinone 4-chlorocatechol identified as intermediate products degradation. has lower cost comparable performance with other catalysts for removal. Graphite supported zero-valent iron-copper bimetallic (ZVI-Cu/C) successfully scale (MS) waste lithium-ion battery (LIB) using a new approach the recycling revalorization these waste. Cu anodes, while ZVI was provided MS synthesized different to powers mass ratios (1 4) used degradation 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in water both heterogeneous Fenton ZVI-Cu/C-2 showed highest removal percentage The rates fitted well pseudo first-order model Moreover, catalyst relatively low lixiviation iron copper ions high activity even fourth reuse cycle, which supports stability catalyst. main by-products results this study support possibility synthesizing active stable oxide These show promising prospective water, activities others previously reported. This reports, first time, combined anodes synthesize treatment